The impact of Tumor markers (CEA and Resistin) and RETN gene polymorphism (rs10401670 T/C) in Iraqi BC patients

Abstract

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the initial tumor biomarkers to be characterized and recognized. Resistins are 12-kDa cystine-rich polypeptide hormones proteins released via adipocytes and macrophages in mice and humans, respectively. The diagnostic role of these two markers has not been deeply investigated in published Iraqi literatures. Aim. Determination of Resistin and CEA concentration by ELISA and molecular analysis for RETN single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs rs10401670 T/C in BC patient Patients and methods: Methods. These study included100 BC patients who attended Al- Amal Hospital / Baghdad/Iraq, for the period from June 2023 to October 2023. The study's experimental work was performed in the Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for postgraduate studies / University of Baghdad, laboratories of Al- Amal Hospital, as well as the private medical laboratories. 100 apparently healthy women were matched in age with BC patients were included. Serum measurement of CEA and Resistin were done using ELISA. The molecular analysis for RETN single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs included rs10401670 T/C. Results: Serum levels (median (IQR)) of Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were higher significantly in BC group in comparisons with HCs, 104.05 pg/ml versus 26.85 pg/ml, respectively (p< 0.001). Serum levels (median (IQR)) of Resistin (RETN) were higher significantly in BC group in comparisons with HCs, 1.16 ng/ml versus 0.41 ng/ml, respectively (p< 0.001). The cutoff value of CEA was >35.71 (pg/ml) with an area under curve (AUC) of > 0.7 (0.762) indicating good accuracy level of 76.2 %; the sensitivity was 69.7 % and the specificity was 79.2 %. The cutoff value of RETN was >0.41 (ng/ml) with an area under curve (AUC) of > 0.7 (0.742) indicating good accuracy level of 74.2 %; the sensitivity was 89.9 % and the specificity was 51.5 %. Comparisons of RETN (rs10401670 T/C) genotypes and alleles between patients with BC and HCs revealed that TC and CC genotypes had significant association with BC (p< 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively); the ratio of TC and CC genotypes were higher in patients in comparisons with HCs, 53 versus 34 and 25 versus 10, respectively, therefore both of them acts as a risk factor with odds ratios of 3.97 (2.06 -7.64) and 6.36 (2.63 -15.40), respectively. Conclusion.  Both serum CEA and RETN levels can provide adjuvant diagnostic role in BC and use of combination of both markers will increase their accuracy in this regard. RETN (rs10401670 T/C) has significant impact on risk of cancer.

Key words: CEA, Resistin, breast, cancer