Antibacterial activity of Punnica granatum methanolic pell extract on multi drug Resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

The increase problems that the world suffers from because they affect health in general, there is an increase in the resistance of most types of bacteria to antibiotics among them is the Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria, which poses a great danger to health because it has many virulence factors, especially its formation biofilms from this came this study to use alternatives to antibiotics in treating this bacterium. Aim.  To compare the effects of antibiotics and nano-extracts of pomegranate peel extract on highly resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methods. 50 sample were collected from hospitals in Baghdad, such as Ghazi Al-Hariri and Al-Karama Hospital, from patients suffering from burns and wounds, including 22 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria, which were examined using biological tests. Bacteriological tests were conducted on them by culturing them on selective media and microscopic examination was conducted using Gram stain then biochemical tests were conducted and they were diagnosed with confirmation using PCR technology to confirm the presence of the diagnostic gene 16 SRNA, and all isolates contained the diagnostic gene. An antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted for 15 antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Results. The level of antibiotic resistance reached 95.45% for both tetracycline and ampicillin, while the low level of resistance reached 36.36% for the antibiotic’s chloramphenicol and meropenem then, a test was conducted on the efficacy of the plant extract against a variety of bacteria by etching in agar plates. It showed effectiveness for bacteria the zones of inhibition ranged from (12 to 36) mm.  Conclusion. This research found that different concentrations of pomegranate peel extract are bacteriostatic for bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics.