Evaluation of The Biological Effect of synthesized Iron Oxide NPs against Acinetobacter baumannii

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug-resistant pathogen responsible for severe hospital-acquired infections. The increasing resistance to conventional antibiotics has directed attention toward green nanotechnology. Aim. This study aimed to biosynthesize iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles using pyocyanin pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and evaluate their antibacterial activity against A. baumannii. Methods. A. baumannii were identified using VITEK-2 and standard biochemical tests. Pyocyanin pigment was extracted for Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, AFM, FTIR, and FE-SEM, while antibacterial activity was assessed by the agar well diffusion method. Results. UV–Vis analysis confirmed nanoparticle formation with characteristic absorption peaks. AFM and FE-SEM revealed nanoscale particles with an average size of approximately 35 nm and rod-shaped morphology. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of functional groups responsible for nanoparticle stabilization. Antibacterial assays demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibitory activity against A. baumannii, with the highest inhibition zone observed at 50 µg/mL of iron oxide nanoparticles. Conclusion. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited notable antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.