Phenotypic and Genotypic Identification of Salmonella enteritidis Isolates from Layers Chicken in Iraq

Abstract

Salmonella  Enteritidis is the most common serotype of Salmonella  isolated from cases of foodborne gastroenteritis’s throughout the world. This study aimed to characterize and identified of Salmonella  Enteritidis bacteria from layer chickens. Intestinal cotton swabs samples have been collected from layer chickens. samples were grown in appropriate culture media and inspected both aerobically and under a microscope. Using the VITEK 2 system and biochemical testing, the diagnosis of the bacterial isolates was verified. The 2019 criteria from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) were followed in interpreting the data. Five isolates of Salmonella  Enteritidis were characterized using the 16S rRNA gene and the PCR method. The NCBI received five positive isolates whose sequences were compared to isolates in the bank gene. These isolates were then given accession numbers, which are as follows: PP955421.1, PP955422.1, PP955423.1, PP955424.1, and PP955425.1. Only three Iraqi isolates, according to phylogenetic analyses based on 16SrRNA, have the highest percent identity (100%), and are most closely related to Canada, China, South Korea, Australia, USA, China, Switzerland, Brazil, Russia, Egypt, Taiwan, and Turkey. The remaining Iraqi isolates have 99% identity. These findings all suggested that the SE clone may be propagated in these farms since the isolates were very genetically related and overwhelmingly dominant.