The detection of biofilm formation genes in some bacterial species of catheter associated co-infections

Abstract

Background. The biofilm formation in catheter urinary tract infections (CUTI) considered as main problem in health sector. Aim. The aim of this research was to develop a reliable and innovative procedure for the detection of multi-species biofilm in indoor patients, particularly in association with catheters and indwelling medical devices. Methods. A total of one hundred and thirty-one samples were collected from patients (urinary catheter) aged 40-70 years and ratio (1:4) male to female through period from October 2023 to March 2024, each sample was streaked on two media MacConkey and Mannitol salt agar. The 96 samples showed growth while other samples, 35, were negative. The 96 samples that showed growth were diverse between Gram positive bacteria (only six samples) and Gram-negative bacteria (ninety samples). ninety samples divided to three sections, the first included 68 samples containing single type of bacteria, second included 7 samples containing two types of bacteria (duplicate), while the last 15 samples contain three types of bacteria (triplicate). After being identified, triplicate samples tested for their ability to form biofilm. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify mrpA and fimH genes. Results. The results of this study revealed that the isolated triplicate was Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis). Biofilm results showed that (22/30) 73.33% isolates were biofilm producers. PCR results revealed that mrpA gene in K. pneumoniae 2/10 (20%) while fimH gene 9/10 (90%), the results of multiplex PCR in K. pneumoniae 2/10. In monoplex PCR P. mirabilis harbored mrpA only 8/10 (80%) while multiplex PCR revealed that none of the tested isolates harbored both genes. The last results of PCR of mrpA gene in E. coli 8/10 (80%) while fimH gene 5/10 (50%), the results of multiplex PCR in E. coli 3/10. Percentage of mrpA genes in (K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis and E. coli) was 60% but percentage of fimH genes at (K. pneumoniae and E. coli) was 70%. The results of PCR in E. coli showed that isolates have more mrpA gene than fimH gene.