Molecular Detection and Prevalence of Giardia lamblia Among Patients with Diarrheia in Al-Rifai City/ Thi-Qar Province

Abstract

Diarrhea the defined as the condition of having extra stools as normal for that than individual or as passage of watery stool for more than three times in 24 hours. Giardia lambllia is gastrointestinal parasite that causes giardiasis, one of the causes of diarrhea in humans .The parasite is distributed globally, and children are more at risk of infection than adults. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of G. lamblia in stool samples of diarrheic patients. This study is carried out in Al-Rifea district in Al-Rifai general Hospital / Thi –Qar Province which included collection of stool samples from diarrheic patients at a period extended from October / 2017 – January / 2018. 603 stool samples were taken from patients with different ages to for examined by microscopic examination and PCR technique. The results showed the percentage of positive samples G. lamblia by microscopic examination was (8.1%) and negative samples was(91.9%). The highest  infected patients found (8.2%) in  males and lowest infected patients found (7.0%) in females. The highest  infected patients found (11.8%) in  Rural area and lowest infected patients found (7.2%) in Urban area. According to age group the highest  infected patients was(10.0%) in age group less than (1-10 years) and lowest infected patients found (4.5%) in age group (21-30) years. while  results of PCR from (96) sample were positive in 55 samples with percentage (57.3)% and 41 negative samples with percentage of (42.7%). The highest infected patients found (55.5%) in males and lowest infected patients found (59.5%) in females. The highest infected patients found (64.4%) in rural area and lowest infected patients found (50.9%) in Urban area. Age group (1-10years) was the highest infected patients which was (81.2%) and lowest infected patients which was (31-40) years.