Studying the Antibiotic Resistance Pattern among Bacteria Isolated from Different Clinical Environments

Abstract

Hospitals serve as focal points for the prliferation and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB), significantly contributing to their emergence and transmission, with a large quantity discharged through wastewater systems. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria present a pressing public health issue in the twenty-first century, primarily driven by the overuse and improper use of antimicrobials. A variety of bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli (at a low percentage), and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were widespread in operating rooms, pediatric sections, intensive care, patient rooms, and burn units. Notably, Acinetobacter baumannii was most prevalent, with rates fluctuating between 16.12% and 40.67% from February to September, peaking in March and equaling Staphylococcus aureus in April. Drug susceptibility testing revealed that Acinetobacter was more sensitive to Ceftriaxone and more resistant to Amoxicillin, while other bacteria exhibited varying susceptibilities and resistances. Klebsiella showed higher resistance to Tetracycline, and E. coli was notably resistant to Tetracycline as well. These findings underscore the critical need for effective strategies to combat antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings.