Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Biofilm Formation, and Capsular Polysaccharide and Relationship with Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Different Clinical Sites in Salahdin City

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii strains can have incredible antibacterial resistance. This species is resistant to several antibiotics, including aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams (including carbapenems), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, eventually becoming multidrug-resistant (MDR). In this study two hundred fifteen specimens were collected from different clinical sites from Tikrit city Hospitals. The total of 38 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were isolated using Acinetobacter HICHROM agar, and confirmed by VITEK2 compact system, and 16s rRNA gene. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed. Phenotypic and genotypic biofilm and capsular polysaccharide formation were investigated. The result showed that this bacterium was resistant for more than two of drug classes. Also, (94.73%, n=36) of bacterial isolates were phenotypic biofilm formed. The bacterial isolates that produced capsule were (92.1, n=35). The molecular results were confirmed that (97.36%, n=37) of bacterial isolates were carried bap gen which one of the most crucial biofilm forming in A. baumannii. The epsA and ptk genes, which are complicated in capsule association and polymerization. Molecular detection of these two gens showed that (92.1%, n=35) of isolates carried these two gens. The result indicated that the isolates which resistant to more antimicrobial agents have ability to produced biofilm and capsular polysaccharide.