Study of Cytopathic and Histopathic Effect for the Novel Serotype SAT2 of Foot and Mouth Disease in Iraq
Abstract
Superinfection of bovine continuously infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) that bring about economic losses because the livestock around the globe is the major trade barrier, in addition to decrease milk production and weight gain. Biological samples (101) as epithelial tissue of tongue and gum of infected animal with FMD were collected from, 47 cattle and 54 buffalo during the period extended between the 15th May- 2022 to end of April-2023 of several regions in some Iraqi governorates. This work aimed to study the cytopathic and histopathic effect of diagnosed FMDV/SAT2. Because virus isolation is the gold stander in diagnostic procedures of this disease, so one step polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to diagnose the virus. Then investigate serotype SAT2 using QIAGEN® One-step reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Kit. The result revealed that fifty-six sample (35 buffalo and 28 cattle) were positive for FMDV/SAT2. Vero cell lines, primary lamb kidney cell, primary lamb testis cell and primary fetal lamb kidney applied in study of cytopathic effects (CPE) compared with monolayer control after 24-72hours to find out changes in the morphological of infected cells. Epithelial tissue of tongue used for detection the pathological lesions, the result of histopathic study appeared necrosis and hydropic degeneration are the most important features compared with control.
