The Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Explant Types on Callus Induction and Shoot Regeneration In Tulipa Gesneriana

Abstract

(genus Tulipa), genus of about 100 species in the Liliaceae  family, which are cultured  in temperate regions for their showy blooms., tulips are among the most popular of all garden flowers, numerous cultivars and varieties have been developed. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of growth regulators on the amount of callus produced using the technique  of plant tissue culture. Callus was induced from the tulip plant using a combination of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyladenine (BA) and auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) naphthaleneaceticدد acid (NAA). The (seeds) were sterilised with 4% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) and sterile distilled water in a 1:1 ratio for 10 minutes. Different parts of the seedling leaf, flowering stem were cultured on MS medium together with a combination of hormones BA and 2,4-D, NAA and TDZ at different concentrations, and significant differences were observed after four weeks of cultivation. The best combinations of plant growth regulators for callus induction rate of 90% from the flowering stem were at a combination of 1.5 TDZ and 1.5 2,4-D mg/L, while the highest number of shoots was achieved with 12 shoots in the media BA 2.0 mg/ L and IBA 0.1 mg/L.