The Potential Regulatory Role of miRNA 185-5p in the Expression of Glutathione Peroxidase 1 GPX1 in Men with Primary Osteoporosis

Abstract

Primary osteoporosis in men remains a poorly understood but clinically important condition, marked by weakened bones and a higher likelihood of fractures. This study included 60 blood samples collected from 30 Iraqi men diagnosed with primary osteoporosis and 30 healthy control men. To assess the concentration of biological parameters (Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), calcium, and vitamin D), and investigate the molecular changes involving the GPX1 gene expression and miR-185-5p in men with osteoporosis and healthy control. Serum ALP, calcium, and vitamin D levels were measured, while qPCR analyzed GPX1 and miR-185-5p expression. The findings showed that men with osteoporosis had significantly lower BMD, T-scores, reduced calcium and vitamin D deficiency and higher ALP compared to healthy controls. The cycle threshold (Ct value) of GPX1 in the patients (mean ±SD 22.36± 0.26) compared with the Ct value of healthy control group (mean ± SD 22.2±0.45). Meanwhile, the Ct value of miRNA185-5p in primary osteoporosis patients was elevated (mean ± SD 29.36±0.65) while the control group (mean ± SD 29.00±0.7). These results suggest that oxidative stress and dysregulated miR-185-5p may play key roles in bone loss in men, beyond other risk factors. The study identifies potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, shedding light on the complex genetic, and biochemical interactions in male osteoporosis.