The role of Anti-TPO and IL-10 in progression of Autoimmune Thyroid disorders

Abstract

Background. Thyroid disorders are prevalent health issues that origin from impaired thyroid hormone production due to factors including inflammation, autoimmune conditions, tumors, or medical interventions. Aim. This study aimed to investigate the role of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (Anti-TPO) in the prediction and prognosis of autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD). Methods. In this research, One hundred patients with thyroid disease and fifty healthy controls were included. Thyroid function hormones (TSH, T3, and T4) were assessed using Cobas analyzer. Serum levels of IL-10 and Anti-TPO were measured using the ELISA technique. Results. The results of current study demonstrated significantly higher Anti-TPO levels in patients compared to controls (p<0.001), suggesting its efficiency may act as indicator for the prognosis of AITD. Although no significant difference in IL-10 levels was observed among groups (p˃0.05). Conclusion. Elevated Anti-TPO serves as a reliable prognostic biomarker for autoimmune thyroid conditions due to their strong association with disease pathophysiology, as confirmed by ROC analysis. Conversely, IL-10 levels lack diagnostic significance for these disorders, potentially because of complex interactions within the inflammatory signaling pathway. The study highlights that further research is warranted to elucidate the potential role of IL-10 in the pathophysiology of thyroid disorders, particularly in the context of chronic inflammation.