The Detection of Aspergillus flavus in the Milk by Molecular Method in Diyala Province

Abstract

Since ancient times, milk and its derivatives have been one of the most popular foods. This value put the food hygienists in a real challenge to provide safe milk to consumers with maintaining its nutritional value. The consumption of milk was estimated to be every day for a lot of people as it was the source of many nutrient essential for human. The main objectives of the present study were to isolate the fungus of Aspergillus flavus from milk samples and detect aflatoxigenic A. flavus.  Accordingly, a total of 100 samples of milk samples were collected randomly from location (Baqubah , Buhriz , Alkhalis , Bani sa’ad , Muadadiya and  Hebheb)  and different animals (cows, sheep and goat) from Diyala Province. A conventional polymerase chain reaction assay was applied for the confirmation of A. flavus by using published primers (ITS1 and ITS4), and the result revealed 15 samples of crud milk have toxigenic isolate of Aspergillus flavus which have size 600bp. sequence and phylogenetic analysis to determinate A. flavus strain and its origin also this was isolates seven strain and then resulted in single new strain gene , This was done by recorded new strain of A. flavus in Gene bank data base with accession number (MH213344) that isolated from milk in Iraq, in addition to antifungal sensitivity where done for 15 toxigenic samples and the result reveled that all of them are resistance to antifungal drugs (Nystatin, Amphotericin B, Fluconazole ) that made them more virulent effective on human health.